使用宿主机IP

[root@localhost nginx]# ip addr show docker0
6: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
    link/ether 02:42:5f:26:5f:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:5fff:fe26:5fd7/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

在Windows和macOS平台下并没有docker0虚拟网卡，这时候可以使用host.docker.internal这个特殊的DNS名称来解析宿主机IP

➜  ~ docker run  --rm  -it  centos  ping  "host.docker.internal"
PING host.docker.internal (192.168.65.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=37 time=0.475 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=37 time=0.426 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=3 ttl=37 time=0.257 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=4 ttl=37 time=0.342 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=5 ttl=37 time=0.341 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.65.2 (192.168.65.2): icmp_seq=6 ttl=37 time=0.278 ms

使用host网络

docker run -d --name nginx --network host nginx

没有必要再使用-p 80:80 -p 443:443这样的映射端口，是因为本身与宿主机共用了网络，容器中暴露端口等同于宿主机暴露端口。

Docker：网络模式